Amateka ya Vallalar: Amateka yumuntu watsinze urupfu.

Kuki tugomba gusoma amateka ya Vallalar? Amateka yukuri yumuntu watsinze urupfu. Umuhanga nyawe wavumbuye inzira yumuntu kubaho adapfa. Uwavumbuye siyanse ihindura umubiri wumuntu umubiri udapfa. Uwahinduye umubiri wumuntu umubiri wubumenyi. Uwatubwiye inzira yo kubaho tutapfuye. Uwiboneye ukuri karemano k'Imana akatubwira uburyo Imana idapfa kandi irihe. Uwakuyeho imiziririzo yose akabaza ibibazo byose n'ubumenyi bwacu kandi akagira ubumenyi nyabwo.

Izina ryumuhanga wukuri: Ramalingam Izina abakunzi bamwita: Vallalar. Umwaka wavutse: 1823 Umwaka wo guhindura umubiri umubiri wumucyo: 1874 Aho yavukiye: Ubuhinde, Chidambaram, Marudur. Ibyagezweho: Uwavumbuye ko umuntu ashobora no kugera kumiterere yImana kandi ntapfe, akagera kuri iyo leta. Mu Buhinde, muri Tamil Nadu, mu mujyi witwa Marudhur, uherereye mu birometero makumyabiri mu majyaruguru y’umujyi wa Chidambaram, Ramalingam uzwi ku izina rya Vallalar yavutse ku cyumweru, tariki ya 5 Ukwakira 1823, saa kumi nimwe n’umugoroba.

Se wa Vallalar yitwaga Ramaiah, nyina yitwaga Chinnammai. Padiri Ramaiah yari umucungamari wa Marudhur n'umwarimu wigishaga abana. Umubyeyi Chinnammai yita ku nzu arera abana be. Se wa Vallalar Ramaiah yitabye Imana mu kwezi kwa gatandatu nyuma yo kuvuka. Umubyeyi Chinnammai, urebye uburezi n'ejo hazaza h'abana be, yagiye i Chennai, mu Buhinde. Mukuru wa Vallalar Sabapathy yize munsi ya Professor Sabapathy wa Kanchipuram. Yabaye umuhanga mubiganiro bidasanzwe. Yakoresheje amafaranga yakuye mu kujya muri disikuru kugirango atunge umuryango we. Sabapathi ubwe yigishije murumuna we Ramalingam. Nyuma, yamwohereje kwiga munsi ya mwarimu yiganye, Kanchipuram Professor Sabapathi.

Ramalingam, wagarutse i Chennai, yakundaga gusura urusengero rwa Kandasamy. Yishimiye gusenga Lord Murugan i Kandakottam. Yahimbye kandi aririmba indirimbo zivuga kuri Nyagasani akiri muto. Ramalingam, utagiye ku ishuri cyangwa ngo agume mu rugo, yamaganwe na mukuru we Sabapathi. Ariko Ramalingam ntiyigeze yumva musaza we. Kubwibyo, Sabapathi yategetse cyane umugore we Papathi Ammal kureka guha ibiryo Ramalingam. Ramalingam, yemeye icyifuzo cya mukuru we yakundaga cyane, asezeranya kuguma mu rugo no kwiga. Ramalingam yagumye mu cyumba cyo hejuru cy'inzu. Usibye ibihe byo kurya, yagumye mucyumba ikindi gihe kandi ashishikarira gusenga Imana. Umunsi umwe, mu ndorerwamo iri ku rukuta, yarishimye cyane aririmba indirimbo, yizera ko Imana yamubonekeye.

Mukuru we, Sabapathi, wahoze atanga ibiganiro ku migani, ntiyashoboye kwitabira inyigisho yari yemeye kubera ubuzima bubi. Yasabye rero murumuna we Ramalingam kujya ahantu hateganijwe inyigisho no kuririmba indirimbo zimwe na zimwe kugira ngo adashobora kuza. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Ramalingam yagiyeyo. Kuri uwo munsi, abantu benshi bari bateraniye hamwe kugira ngo bumve inyigisho za Sabapathi. Ramalingam yaririmbye indirimbo zimwe nkuko mukuru we yari yabimubwiye. Nyuma yibyo, abantu bateraniye aho bashimangiye igihe kirekire ko agomba gutanga ikiganiro cyumwuka. Ramalingam rero na we yarabyemeye. Inyigisho yabaye nijoro. Abantu bose baratangaye kandi baratangara. Iyi yari inyigisho ye ya mbere. Icyo gihe yari afite imyaka icyenda.

Ramalingam yatangiye gusenga afite imyaka cumi n'ibiri muri Thiruvottriyur. Yakundaga kugenda i Thiruvottriyur buri munsi avuye mu iriba ririndwi yari atuyemo. Nyuma yo gutsimbarara kwa benshi, Ramalingam yemeye gushyingirwa afite imyaka makumyabiri n'irindwi. Yashakanye na mushiki we Unnamulai umukobwa wa Thanakodi. Umugabo n'umugore bombi ntibagize uruhare mu buzima bwo mu muryango kandi bahugiye mu bitekerezo by'Imana. Abyemeranijwe n’umugore we Thanakodi, ubuzima bwubatse burangira kumunsi umwe. Abyemeranijwe n’umugore we, Vallalar akomeje imbaraga ze kugira ngo adapfa. Ramalingam yashakaga kumenya Imana y'ukuri binyuze mu bumenyi. Ni yo mpamvu, mu 1858, yavuye i Chennai asura insengero nyinshi agera mu mujyi witwa Chidambaram. Abonye Vallalar muri Chidambaram, umuyobozi w'umujyi witwa Karunguzhi, witwa Thiruvengadam, yamusabye kuza kuguma mu mujyi we no mu nzu ye. Kubera urukundo, Vallalar yagumye kwa Thiruvengadam imyaka icyenda.

Imana nyayo iri mubwonko mumutwe wacu, nka atome nto. Umucyo w'iyo Mana uhwanye n'umucyo w'izuba rya miliyari. Kubwibyo, kugirango rubanda rusanzwe rwumve Imana ari umucyo muri twe, Vallalar yashyize itara hanze aragisingiza muburyo bwumucyo. Yatangiye kubaka urusengero rw'umucyo hafi ya Sathya Dharmachalai mu mwaka wa 1871.Yise urusengero rwuzuye mu mezi atandatu, 'Inama y'Ubwenge'. Yubatse urusengero mumujyi witwa Vadalur kubwImana ituye muburyo bwumucyo nkubumenyi bukomeye mubwonko bwacu. Imana nyayo ni ubumenyi mumitwe yacu, kandi kubadashobora kubyumva, yubatse urusengero kwisi, acana itara mururwo rusengero, ababwira gutekereza kuri iryo tara nkImana kandi bakarisenga. Iyo dushyize ibitekerezo byacu muri ubwo buryo, tubona Imana niyo bumenyi mumitwe yacu.

Mu gitondo cyo kuri uyu wa kabiri saa munani, yazamuye ibendera imbere y’inyubako yitwa Siddhi Valakam mu mujyi wa Mettukuppam maze atanga ubutumwa burebure ku bari bateraniye aho. Iyo nyigisho yitwa 'inyigisho nini' Iyi nyigisho iyobora umuntu kwishima burigihe. Irasubiza ibibazo byinshi bivuka mukiganza. Inyigisho ivuga kubyerekeye guca imiziririzo yacu. Avuga ko inzira nyayo ari ukumenya no kwibonera ukuri kwa kamere uko imeze. Ntabwo aribyo gusa. Vallalar ubwe yabajije ibibazo byinshi tutatekereje arabisubiza. Ibyo bibazo nibi bikurikira:.

Imana ni iki? Imana irihe? Imana nimwe cyangwa benshi? Kuki tugomba gusenga Imana? Bizagenda bite nitudasenga Imana? Hoba hariho ikintu nk'ijuru? Nigute tugomba gusenga Imana? Imana nimwe cyangwa benshi? Imana ifite amaboko n'ibirenge? Turashobora kugira icyo dukorera Imana? Nubuhe buryo bworoshye bwo kubona Imana? Imana irihe muri kamere? Ni ubuhe buryo budapfa? Nigute dushobora guhindura ubumenyi bwacu mubumenyi nyabwo? Nigute ushobora kubaza ibibazo ukabona ibisubizo byabyo? Ni iki kiduhisha ukuri? Turashobora kubona ikintu cyose kiva ku Mana tudakoze? Idini rifite akamaro mu kumenya Imana y'ukuri?

Ibirori byakurikiyeho nyuma yo kuzamura ibendera ni, mu kwezi kwa Tamil Karthigai, ku munsi mukuru wizihizaga urumuri, yafashe itara rya deepa ryahoraga ryaka mucyumba cye abishyira imbere inzu. Ku munsi wa 19 w'ukwezi kwa Tayilande mu mwaka wa 1874, ni ukuvuga muri Mutarama, ku munsi w'inyenyeri ya Poosam ivugwa mu bumenyi bw'ikirere bw'Ubuhinde, Vallalar yahaye umugisha abantu bose. Vallalar yinjiye mu cyumba cy'inzu mu gicuku. Nkuko yabyifuzaga, abigishwa be bakomeye, Kalpattu Aiya na Thozhuvur Velayudham, bafunze umuryango w’icyumba gifunze hanze.

Kuva uwo munsi, Vallalar ntabwo yagaragaye nk'ishusho y'amaso yacu, ahubwo yabaye urumuri rw'Imana rwo gushinga ubumenyi. Kubera ko amaso yacu adafite imbaraga zo kubona umubiri wubumenyi, ntibashobora kubona Umwami wacu, uhora kandi hose. Kubera ko umubiri wubumenyi urenze uburebure bwumurambararo ugaragara mumaso yabantu, amaso yacu ntashobora kubibona. Vallalar, nkuko yari abizi, yabanje guhindura umubiri we wumuntu mumubiri wera, hanyuma ahinduka umubiri wijwi ryitwa Om, hanyuma ahinduka mumubiri wubumenyi bwiteka, kandi ahorana natwe kandi atanga ubuntu bwe.

Byose kuri Vallalar n'ibitabo bye mururimi rwa Kinyarwanda

Ibinyabuzima byose birangana.
Niki cyifuzo cyo kuvuka kwabantu
Bikaba bigerwaho nigice cyubuntu bw'Imana. Bikaba bigerwaho kubwo gutunganirwa kwubuntu bw'Imana
Ni izihe nyungu zo kugera ku byishimo-byisi
Ni izihe nyungu zo kwishima mwijuru
Icyo bita umunezero w'isi yo mwijuru
Iyo umuntu agira umunezero, ubwenge bwe burishima. Iyo agize agahinda, ubwenge bwe burahagarara. None, igisubizo cyikibazo nikihe?
Ese ibitekerezo byacu bigira umunezero nintimba
Turashobora guha inyama inyamaswa zinyamanswa kubera impuhwe
Turashobora kwirengagiza abashonje tugatangira guha ibiryo abagize umuryango wacu gusa
Dufite umudendezo wo guhagarika akaga kutubaho
Turashobora kwihanganira inzara tutarya ibiryo
Nabwirwa n'iki ko impuhwe aribwo buryo bwonyine bwo kugera ku buntu bw'Imana
Ni ryari impuhwe zizava mubinyabuzima kubindi binyabuzima
Impuhwe zitanga imyitwarire yisi. Niba nta mpuhwe zihari, hakwiye kumvikana ko imyitwarire yisi itazabaho. Nigute
Impuhwe ni igikoresho no kwerekana igice cy'ubuntu bw'Imana
Tugomba kumenya rwose ko abantu bafite impuhwe ari imana.
Kuki benshi mubinyabuzima byaremwe nImana bababazwa cyane ninzara, ubwicanyi, indwara, nibindi?
Ni ubuhe busobanuro bwa disipulini yimpuhwe Niki kibonezamvugo cyindero yimpuhwe
Abantu bafite imibiri itandukanye mugihe cyinzozi
Kuki bavukana impanga bafite imico nibikorwa bitandukanye
indero y'impuhwe
Ese abamarayika barya ibiryo kandi bafite inzara
Niba roho ibona ibyiza nibibi cyangwa ingingo nubwenge bikagira umunezero nububabare Niba roho ntacyo ibonye, gukoresha impuhwe niki?
Turashobora guha inyama inyamaswa zinyamanswa kubera impuhwe
Ese kurya ibimera birwanya impuhwe
Imbaraga zizava kumutima-gushonga-impuhwe zizava he
Nigute ushobora gusobanukirwa kubaho kwavutse mbere
Nigute dushobora kubona umunezero ukabije mubukwe n'indi mihango
Niki cyamamare cyumuntu wageze mwijuru-byishimo
Kugaburira impumyi, ibipfamatwi, ibiragi, n'ibimuga.
Yoo, ubu ni umwijima, tuzajya he ibiryo
Dufite umudendezo wo guhitamo imibiri yacu
Ni izihe nyungu z'ibyishimo bihebuje
Tugomba guha ibiryo amatungo yacu, inshuti n'abakozi
Kuki dushimangira kenshi guha ibiryo abashonje
Niki cyubahiro cyumuntu wageze kuri ibi byishimo byisi
Ni ubuhe bwiza bw'uwageze kuri ibyo byishimo bihebuje - Ubwenge-umubiri birihariye.
Niba dushaka kumenya uburyo bwo kubona ubuntu bw 'Imana, nibisanzwe: -
Nigute ubuntu bw'Imana bwerekanwe mubugingo mugihe ubugingo bugirira impuhwe ibinyabuzima byose inshuro nyinshi
Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bw'ubuntu bw'Imana, aribwo kwigaragaza bisanzwe
Niki imana Veda ivuga kubyerekeye guha ibiryo abakene Ese abantu bashobora kubaho bonyine badafashijwe nabandi
Nigute dushobora kubona ubuntu bw'Imana, aribwo buryo busanzwe bw'Imana
Nigute ubuntu bw'Imana buva mubugingo, mugihe ubugingo bushonga inshuro nyinshi
Tugomba kumenya ko ubuntu, kwigaragaza kwa kamere kwImana, kugaragara ahantu hose no mubihe byose nkibi bikurikira.
Guhazwa no kurya inyama nuburyohe bwo kwinezeza
nigute gufasha ibiremwa bifatwa nko gusenga imana?
Ubuzima bwo murugo buruta ubwihaye Imana.
Nigute umukene ashobora guha ibiryo umuntu ushonje
Indero yo mwijuru ibaho kubera impuhwe kubinyabuzima. Niba nta mpuhwe, indero yo mwijuru ntizabaho. Nigute
Ukuntu inyama ari ibiryo bibi Ese kunyurwa biva kurya inyama nziza cyangwa mbi
Ibyishimo bihebuje
Nigute ushobora kuba imana. Niyihe mana ingana numuntu, wagaburiye abashonje akabaha umunezero
Nigute ushobora kuba umunyabwenge
Nigute ushobora gukiza indwara zidakira
Nigute ushobora kubona urubyaro rwamenyeshejwe neza
Uburyo bwo kubaho igihe kirekire
Niba ushaka kumenya uburyo bwo kubona ubwo buntu
Nigute dushobora kubona ubuntu bw'Imana
Nigute dushobora gusenga Imana Ukoresheje imbabazi zisanzwe zibaho mubantu bose
kugirira impuhwe ibinyabuzima nabyo byitwa gusenga Imana.
Ni ryari sida, abanyabwenge, hamwe nabasitike bababaye
Inzara izatsinda umwami w'abami udatsindwa
Inzara yabo izabahatira kugurisha abana babo bakunda
Inzara ni mbi cyane mu mibabaro yose. Nigute
Ese kubabazwa ninzara ni kimwe kuri bose
Nigute dushobora kubona amasura ananiwe y'abana bacu bashonje
Ni inshingano zacu gusuka amazi ku bimera biri mu mashyamba no mu turere twa kure.
Nigute ibikorwa byicyaha mubyara byabanjirije biza kuvuka kwubu
Ni ugutanga impuhwe
Reka dufashe abababaye dukurikije amategeko y'Imana
Ninzara igikoresho cyo kugera ku mana-leta
Turashobora gukuramo imimero Turashobora kurya imimero
Ese ibintu bikomoka ku bimera bitanduye nkumusatsi n imisumari
Tubwirwa n'iki ko habaye kuvuka mbere
Hariho ikuzimu n'ijuru
Imbuto ni nzima cyangwa yapfuye
Ni ubuhe bwiza bw'umuntu wageze kuri ibyo byishimo bihebuje - Ubumenyi-umubiri ntibushobora kubangamirwa n'ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose.
Ni ubuhe bwiza bw'umuntu wageze kuri ibyo byishimo bihebuje - Ubumenyi-umubiri nta kintu na kimwe kiranga.
Ni ikihe cyubahiro cy'uwageze kuri ibyo byishimo bihebuje - Ubumenyi-umubiri ntibupfa, ntibishobora rero guterwa nibintu bitanu by'ibanze.
Ndetse abantu bifuza nabo bahangayikishijwe ninzara yabo kandi bategereje ibiryo.
Baho iteka utanga ibiryo
Reka twirengagize inzitizi z'Imana
Reka twice inyamaswa ziteje akaga Kuki byavuzwe bwa mbere, impuhwe zisanzwe kubinyabuzima byose
Niki kintu cyingenzi gukora mubukwe cyangwa ikindi gihe cyiza
Mubisanzwe, ibiryo byahawe inyamaswa ninyoni bishingiye kuri karma zabo. Ariko abantu bagomba gukora bakabona ibiryo. Kubera iki
Niyihe ntego ikomeye yimpuhwe. Ubugingo n'Imana bituye muri twe
Imana yategetse muri Veda (ibyanditswe) kuburyo bukurikira.
Nigute ushobora kubona ubu bwoko butatu bwibyishimo nibyiza mubuzima.
igisubizo kumuntu uvuga ibi bikurikira imibabaro igera kubinyabuzima kubera inyota, ubwoba, nibindi, hamwe nubunararibonye bwingingo zubwenge, amaso, nibindi, ntabwo ari uburambe bwubugingo, kubwibyo rero nta nyungu yihariye yo kugirira impuhwe ibinyabuzima
Rinda insengero nyazo amatongo, kandi ugire impuhwe.
Intego yo kuvuka kwabantu niyihe?
Zimya umuriro w'inzara y'umunyabwenge.
Kuki abantu nibindi binyabuzima bigira ingaruka ku kaga
kuki abantu bamwe batagira impuhwe mugihe ibindi biremwa bibabaye?
Bitewe no kubura impuhwe na disipulini, kubyara nabi biriyongera kandi imyitwarire mibi irahari hose. Nigute
Nigute ushobora gukira imibabaro yose ibaho mubuzima bwacu
Ni ryari abayobozi b'amadini badakurikiza indero y'amoko yabo n'idini ryabo
Kuraho akababaro k'umugabo ushonje maze usinzire.
kura uburozi unyuze mu biryo kandi ubyure ubwenge.
Nibihe bihembo byo kugaburira umukene udafite inkunga
nigute uburenganzira bwo kugirira impuhwe ibinyabuzima bivuka?
Nubuhe burenganzira bugomba gushonga kubwimpuhwe
Nubuhe burenganzira bwo kugirira impuhwe ibinyabuzima
Ni ikihe gisubizo ku bantu bavuga ngo: "Imibabaro y'abantu ni uburambe bwibikoresho byimbere gusa ningingo nkubwenge, ijisho, nibindi, ntabwo ari uburambe bwubugingo, bityo gufasha ibiremwa ntabwo ari impuhwe."
Agomba gusuhuza imana na bose
Uzigame ububabare bwa sikorupiyo.
Kiza umunyabyaha witwa inzara.
Nigute ushobora gukiza itara umuyaga wuburozi witwa inzara
Ubuzima bugomba gukizwa inzara n'ubwicanyi.
Kiza icyubahiro umuntu ubabaye, ushidikanya gusaba ibiryo, nkumuntu utavuga.
Uzigame isazi yaguye mubuki
Mwice inzara-ingwe, mukize abakene bashonje.
Uzigame imiterere ya filozofiya mumubiri ushonje
Tugomba kugaburira ibiremwa biri mu nyanja nubutaka
Tugomba kugaburira amatungo yacu atuye nk'inka, intama, nibindi.
Tugomba gukora no kurya
Kuki abantu bamwe bavuga ko nta kuvuka kwabanje kandi nta kuvuka gukurikira
Ubugingo bubona umubiri mushya nubutunzi kubwimbaraga zabo.
Ni ubuhe bwiza bw'umuntu wageze kuri ibyo byishimo bihebuje - Karma Siddhi, Yoga Siddhi, Gnana Siddihi n'imbaraga ndengakamere z'ubumenyi-umubiri.
Nigute dushobora kugera kubuzima buhebuje
Iyo ubuntu bwa Nyagasani bugaragaye, burya umunezero w'Imana uzabaho kandi utunganwe
Kugera ku ntego yo kuvuka kwabantu.
Impuhwe ninzira yonyine yo kubona ubuntu bw'Imana
Ubwoko bubiri bw'impuhwe
Amateka ya Vallalar: Amateka yumuntu watsinze urupfu.
Tugomba gusuka amazi kubihingwa byatewe natwe
Abantu bakize bagomba gufasha abababaye. Kubera iki
Ni ubuhe bwoko butatu bw'ubuzima. Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuzima bushimishije bw'ubugingo.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'impuhwe Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw'impuhwe.
Indwara ni iki
impuhwe ni iki?
Akaga ni iki
Icyifuzo ni iki
Ubwoba ni iki
Ubwicanyi ni iki
Ubukene ni iki
Icyaha ni iki
Ibyishimo bihebuje
Ni ubuhe buryo bw'Imana?
Ni ubuhe bubasha bw'impuhwe
Intego y'impuhwe niyihe?
Ingeso nziza ni iki
Impuhwe z'isi ni iki
Ibyishimo byo mwisi
Ni ryari umuntu wiyubashye atakaza icyubahiro cye
Ni ryari ubuzima bumwe buzagirira impuhwe undi Iyo roho imwe ishonga (kugira imbabazi) kubindi binyabuzima
Ni ryari abirata batakaza ubwibone
Ni ryari ego iva kuri egoiste
Nigute ubugingo bwinjira mumubiri Ni ryari roho yinjira munda
Bizagenda bite inzara yibasiye abantu
Ni ryari umugani w'icyamamare azagira ubwoba
Ese abanyabwenge, banze rwose, bazahungabana
Iyo umutekinisiye wubwenge yataye ubwenge akayoberwa.
Nibihe byishimo bihebuje Ni ubuhe buryo bwo hejuru bwo kwishima
ninde witwa umuntu wera?
Ninde ugera ku byishimo bihebuje
Nigute ushobora kumenya Imana, kubumenyi, nuburyo bwo guhinduka Imana ubwayo Ubugingo bwibohoye Niki
Kuki abantu bamwe batagirira imbabazi kandi bakagirirwa nabi, iyo babonye imibabaro yabandi bazima Kuki badafite uburenganzira bwa kivandimwe?
Kuki dukeneye umubiri
Ni ubuhe butumwa bwo guhagarika inzara no kwica, ukurikije impuhwe zisumba izindi
Abantu bamwe barinangiye kandi ntibagira impuhwe iyo babonye imibabaro yabandi biremwa. Kuki aba bantu badafite uburenganzira kubugingo
Kuki ibinyabuzima byinshi byaremwe nImana bibabazwa ninzara, inyota, ubwoba nibindi?
Abantu bose bazongera kuvuka ubwa kabiri nkabantu. Ese abantu bonyine bagomba gutanga ibiryo
Ingwe izarya ibyatsi. Ese inyama ni ibiryo byateganijwe ku ngwe
Guhanagura amarira yabatindi byitwa impuhwe.

Urahawe ikaze kureba urubuga rwacu mundimi zikurikira.
abkhaz - acehnese - acholi - afar - afrikaans - albanian - alur - amharic - arabic - armenian - assamese - avar - awadhi - aymara - azerbaijani - balinese - baluchi - bambara - baoulé - bashkir - basque - batak-karo - batak-simalungun - batak-toba - belarusian - bemba - bengali - betawi - bhojpuri - bikol - bosnian - breton - bulgarian - burmese - buryat - catalan - cebuano - chamorro - chechen - chichewa - chinese - chinese-simplified - chuukese - chuvash - corsican - crimean-tatar-cyrillic - crimean-tatar-latin - croatian - czech - danish - dari - dinka - divehi - dogri - dombe - dutch - dyula - dzongkha - english - esperanto - estonian - ewe - faroese - fijian - filipino - finnish - fon - french - french-canada - frisian - friulian - fulani - ga - galician - georgian - german - greek - guarani - gujarati - gurmukhi - haitian-creole - hakha-chin - hausa - hawaiian - hebrew - hiligaynon - hindi - hmong - huasteca - hungarian - hunsrik - iban - icelandic - igbo - indonesian - inuktut-latin - inuktut-syllabics - irish - italian - jamaican-patois - japanese - javanese - jingpo - kalaallisut - kannada - kanuri - kapampangan - kazakh - khasi - khmer - kiga - kikongo - kinyarwanda - kituba - kokborok - komi - konkani - korean - krio - kurdish-kurmanji - kurdish-sorani - kyrgyz - lao - latgalian - latin - latvian - ligurian - limburgish - lingala - lithuanian - llocano - lombard - luganda - luo - luxembourgish - macedonian - madurese - maithili - makassar - malagasy - malay - malay-jawi - malayalam - maltese - mam - manx - maori - marathi - marshallese - marwadi - mauritian-creole - meadow-mari - meiteilon-manipuri - minang - mizo - mongolian - ndau - ndebele - nepalbhasa - nepali - nko - norwegian - nuer - occitan - oriya - oromo - ossetian - pangasinan - papiamento - pashto - persian - polish - portuguese-brazil - portuguese-portugal - punjabi-shahmukhi - qeqchi - quechua - romani - romanian - rundi - russian - sami-north - samoan - sango - sanskrit - santali - santali-latin - scots-gaelic - sepedi - serbian - sesotho - seychellois-creole - shan - shona - sicilian - silesian - sindhi - sinhala - slovak - slovenian - somali - spanish - sundanese - susu - swahili - swati - swedish - tahitian - tajik - tamazight - tamil - tatar - telugu - tetum - thai - tibetan - tifinagh - tigrinya - tiv - tok-pisin - tongan - tshiluba - tsonga - tswana - tulu - tumbuka - turkish - turkmen - tuvan - twi - udmurt - ukrainian - urdu - uyghur - uzbek - venda - venetian - vietnamese - waray - welsh - wolof - xhosa - yakut - yiddish - yoruba - yucatec-maya - zapotec - zulu -