Vallalar History: Nhoroondo yemurume akakunda rufu.

Sei tichifanira kuverenga nhoroondo yaVallalar? Nhoroondo yechokwadi yemurume akakunda rufu. Musayendisiti wechokwadi akawana nzira yokuti munhu ararame asingafi. Uyo akawana sainzi inoshandura muviri wemunhu kuita muviri usingafi. Uyo akashandura muviri wemunhu kuita muviri weruzivo. Iye akatiudza nzira yokuti tirarame tisingafi. Uyo akawana zvokwadi yezvakasikwa yaMwari uye akatiudza kuti chii chinonzi chimiro chaMwari chisingafi uye Ari kupi. Uyo akabvisa kudavira mashura kwose uye akabvunza chinhu chiri chose nezivo yedu ndokuwana zivo yechokwadi.

Zita resainzi rechokwadi: Ramalingam Zita raanomudana naro vadikani: Vallalar. Gore rekuzvarwa: 1823 Gore rekushandurwa kwemuviri kuita muviri wechiedza: 1874 Nzvimbo yekuzvarwa: India, Chidambaram, Marudur. Kubudirira: Uyo akawana kuti munhu anogonawo kuwana chimiro chaMwari uye orega kufa, uye akawana chimiro ichocho. MuIndia, muTamil Nadu, mutaundi rinonzi Marudhur, riri makiromita makumi maviri kuchamhembe kweguta reChidambaram, Ramalingam arias Vallalar akazvarwa musi weSvondo, Gumiguru 5, 1823, na5:54 pm.

Zita rababa vaVallalar rainzi Ramaiah, uye zita ramai vake rainzi Kinnammai. Baba Ramaiah vaive accountant waMarudhur uye mudzidzisi aidzidzisa vana. Amai Chinnammai ndivo vaichengeta imba nekurera vana vavo. Baba vaVallalar Ramaiah vakashaya mumwedzi wechitanhatu mushure mekuzvarwa kwake. Amai Chinnammai vachifunga dzidzo neramangwana revana vavo vakaenda kuChenai kuIndia. Mukoma waVallalar mukuru Sabbapathy akadzidza pasi pePurofesa Sabapathy weKanchipuram. Akave shasha mune epic hurukuro. Aishandisa mari yaaiwana pakuenda kuhurukuro kuti ariritire mhuri yake. Sabapathi pachake akadzidzisa munun'una wake Ramalingam. Gare gare, akamuendesa kunodzidza pasi pemudzidzisi waakadzidza naye, Kanchipuram Professor Sabapathi.

Ramalingam, akadzokera kuChennai, aigara achishanyira temberi yeKandasamy. Akafara kunamata Ishe Murugan kuKandakottam. Akaimba uye akaimba nziyo pamusoro paIshe achiri mudiki. Ramalingam, uyo aisaenda kuchikoro kana kugara pamba, akatsiurwa nemukoma wake Sabapathi. Asi Ramalingam haana kuteerera mukoma wake. Naizvozvo, Sabapathi akaraira mudzimai wake Papathi Ammal zvakasimba kuti arege kupa chikafu kuna Ramalingam. Ramalingam, achibvumirana nechikumbiro chomukoma wake anodiwa, akavimbisa kugara pamba achidzidza. Ramalingam akagara muimba yepamusoro yemba. Kunze kwenguva dzokudya, aigara mukamuri racho pane dzimwe nguva uye akanga achishingaira mukunamata Mwari. Rimwe zuva, mugirazi raiva kumadziro, akafara chaizvo uye akaimba nziyo, achitenda kuti Mwari akanga azviratidza kwaari.

Mukoma wake, Sabapathi, aiwanzopa zvidzidzo zvengano, haana kukwanisa kupinda hurukuro yaakanga abvuma nekuda kwehutano. Saka akakumbira munun’una wake Ramalingam kuti aende kwaizoitirwa hurukuro yacho oimba nziyo dzokugadzirisa kusakwanisa kwake kuuya. Naizvozvo, Ramalingam akaenda ikoko. Zuva iroro, vanhu vakawanda vakanga vaungana kuti vateerere hurukuro yaSabapathi. Ramalingam akaimba dzimwe nziyo sezvaakanga audzwa nemukoma wake. Mushure meizvi, vanhu vakaungana ipapo vakasimbirira kwenguva refu kuti aite hurukuro yemweya. Saka Ramalingam akabvumawo. Hurukuro yacho yakaitwa pakati pehusiku. Vanhu vese vakashamisika nekuyeva. Iyi yaive hurukuro yake yekutanga. Akanga aine makore mapfumbamwe panguva iyoyo. < p> Ramalingam akatanga kunamata aine makore gumi nemaviri muThiruvottriyur. Aifamba achienda kuThiruvottriyur mazuva ese kubva kunzvimbo ine matsime manomwe yaaigara. Kutevera kusimbirira kwevakawanda, Ramalingam akabvuma kuroora aine makore makumi maviri nemanomwe. Akaroora mwanasikana wehanzvadzi yake Unnamulai, Thanakodi. Vose vari vaviri murume nomudzimai vakanga vasingabatanidzwi muupenyu hwemhuri uye vakanyura mumurangariro waMwari. Nemvumo yemukadzi wake Thanakodi, hupenyu hwewanano hunopedzwa muzuva rimwe chete. Nemvumo yomudzimai wake, Vallalar anopfuurira nhamburiko dzake dzokuwana kusafa. Ramalingam aida kuziva Mwari wechokwadi kuburikidza nezivo. Naizvozvo, muna 1858, akabva Chennai uye akashanyira matemberi akawanda uye akasvika kuguta rainzi Chidambaram. Achiona Vallalar kuChidambaram, maneja weguta rainzi Karunguzhi, rainzi Thiruvengadam, akamukumbira kuti auye kuzogara muguta rake nemba yake. Akasungwa nerudo rwake, Vallalar akagara pamusha weTiruvengadam kwemakore mapfumbamwe.

Mwari chaiye ari muuropi mumusoro medu, seatomu duku. Chiedza chaMwari iyeye chakaenzana nokupenya kwebhirioni rezuva. Naizvozvo, kuti vanhuwo zvavo vanzwisise Mwari uyo ari chiedza mukati medu, Vallalar akaisa rambi kunze ndokurirumbidza muchimiro chechiedza. Akatanga kuvaka temberi yechiedza pedyo neSathya Dharmachalai mugore ra1871. Akatumidza temberi iyo, iyo yakapedzwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu, 'Council of Wisdom'. Akavaka temberi muguta rinonzi Vadalur kuna Mwari anogara muchimiro chechiedza seruzivo rukuru muuropi hwedu. Mwari chaiye ndiye zivo iri mumisoro yedu, uye kune vaya vasingazvinzwisisi, akavaka temberi panyika, akatungidza mwenje mutemberi iyoyo, uye akavaudza kuti vafunge nezverambi iroro saMwari uye vanamate. Kana tikaisa pfungwa dzedu nenzira iyoyo, tinoona Mwari anova ndiye ruzivo mumisoro yedu.

Mangwanani eChipiri nenguva dzesere, akasimudza mureza pamberi pechivako chinonzi Siddhi Valakam muguta reMettukuppam ndokupa mharidzo refu kuvanhu vakanga vakaungana. Mharidzo iyoyo inonzi 'dzidziso huru' Mharidzo iyi inotungamira munhu kuti agare achifara. Inopindura mibvunzo yakawanda inomuka mumaoko. Mharidzo ndeyekuputsa mashura edu. Anoti nzira yechokwadi kuziva uye kuona chokwadi chezvisikwa sezvachiri. Kwete izvozvo zvoga. Vallalar pachake akabvunza mibvunzo yakawanda yatisina kufunga nezvayo tikaipindura. Mibvunzo iyoyo ndeiyi inotevera:.

Mwari chii? Mwari aripi? Mwari mumwe chete here kana kuti vazhinji? Nei tichifanira kunamata Mwari? Chii chichaitika kana tikasanamata Mwari? Kune chinhu chakadai sedenga here? Tinofanira kunamata Mwari sei? Mwari mumwe chete here kana kuti vazhinji? Mwari vane maoko nemakumbo here? Pane chatingaitira Mwari here? Ndeipi nzira iri nyore yekuwana nayo Mwari? Mwari aripi muzvarirwo? Ndechipi chimiro chiri chimiro chisingafi? Tinoshandura sei ruzivo rwedu kuti ruve ruzivo rwechokwadi? Unobvunza sei mibvunzo uye kuwana mhinduro kwairi? Chii chinotivanzira chokwadi? Tingawana chinhu kubva kuna Mwari tisina kushanda here? Chitendero chinobatsira here pakuziva Mwari wechokwadi?

Chiitiko chakatevera mushure mekusimudza mureza chaiva, mumwedzi wechiTamil weKarthigai, pazuva remutambo wekupemberera chiedza, akatora mwenje we deepa waigara uchibvira muimba yake ndokuuisa pamberi pe. imba huru. Pazuva rechigumi nepfumbamwe remwedzi weThai mugore ra1874, kureva, muna Ndira, pazuva renyeredzi yePoosam inotaurwa muIndia yekuongorora nyeredzi, Vallalar akaropafadza munhu wese. Vallalar akapinda muimba huru pakati peusiku. Sekuda kwake, vadzidzi vake vanokosha, Kalpattu Aiya naThozhuvur Velayudham, vakavhara musuo weimba yakavharwa kubva kunze.

Kubva zuva iroro, Vallalar haana kuzoonekwa sechimiro kumaziso edu enyama, asi anga ari chiedza chehumwari chekugadzira ruzivo. Sezvo maziso edu enyama asina simba rekuona muviri weruzivo, haakwanise kuona Ishe wedu, anogara aripo uye kwese kwese. Sezvo mutumbi wezivo uri mhiri kwourefu hwemasaisai anooneka nemaziso omunhu, maziso edu haakwanisi kuuona. Vallalar, sezvaaiziva, akatanga kushandura muviri wake wemunhu kuita muviri wakachena, ndokuzopinda mumuviri wekunzwika unonzi Om, uyezve mumuviri weruzivo rwekusingaperi, uye anogara anesu uye anopa nyasha dzake.

Zvese nezvaVallalar nemabhuku ake emutauro weShona

Zvipenyu zvose zvakaenzana.
Chii chishuvo chekuzvarwa kwevanhu
Idzo dzinowanikwa nenyasha dzaMwari. Idzo dzinowanikwa kubudikidza nekukwana kwenyasha dzaMwari
Ndezvipi zvakanakira kuwana mafaro enyika
Ndezvipi zvakanakira kufara kwekudenga
Kunonzi kufadza kwenyika yekudenga
Kana munhu akawana mufaro, pfungwa dzake dzinofara. Kana asangana neshungu, pfungwa dzake dzinoshaya zororo. Saka, chii mhinduro kumubvunzo
Pfungwa dzedu dzinowana mafaro nekusuwa
Tinogona here kupa nyama kumhuka dzinodya nekuda kwetsitsi
Tinogona here kufuratira vanhu vane nzara totanga kupa chikafu kunhengo dzemhuri yedu chete
Tine rusununguko here rwekumisa njodzi dzinotiwira
Tinogona here kushivirira nzara tisina kudya chikafu
Ndinoziva sei kuti tsitsi ndiyo nzira yega yekuwana nyasha dzaMwari
Tsitsi dzichabuda riini kubva kune zvipenyu kune zvimwe zvipenyu
Tsitsi dzinopa hunhu hwenyika. Kana pasina tsitsi, zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti tsika dzenyika hadzizovipo. Zvakaita sei
Tsitsi chishandiso uye chiratidzo chisina kukwana chenyasha dzaMwari
Tinofanira kuziva zvechokwadi kuti vanhu vane tsitsi ndivanamwari.
Sei zvisikwa zvipenyu zvakawanda zvakasikwa naMwari zvichitambura zvikuru nenzara, umhondi, hosha, nezvimwewo.
Chii chinonzi chirango chetsitsi Chii chinonzi chirango chetsitsi
Vanhu vane miviri yakasiyana panguva yekurota
Sei mapatya ane hunhu nemaitiro akasiyana
chirango chetsitsi
Ko ngirozi dzinodya zvokudya uyewo dzine nzara
Zvingave mweya unosangana zvakanaka nezvakaipa kana nhengo uye pfungwa dzinowana mufaro uye kutambura Kana mweya usina chaunosangana nacho, chii chiri kushandiswa kwetsitsi
Tinogona here kupa nyama kumhuka dzinodya nekuda kwetsitsi
Kudya zvirimwa kunopesana netsitsi
Ko simba rinomuka rekunyungudika-tsitsi-tsitsi richabvepi
Nzira yekunzwisisa sei kuvapo kwekuzvarwa kwekare
Tingawana sei mufaro wakanyanyisa muwanano nemimwe mitambo
Chii chinonzi mbiri yemunhu awana mufaro wekudenga
Zvokudya kumapofu, matsi, zvimumumu, uye zvirema.
Haiwa, kwasviba zvino, tichaendepi kunotsvaka zvokudya
Isu tine rusununguko rwekusarudza miviri yedu
Chii chinowanikwa mumufaro mukuru
Tinofanira kupa chikafu kumhuka dzedu, shamwari nevashandi
Sei tichigara tichisimbisa kupa chikafu kune vane nzara
Ko munhu awana mafaro enyika iyi ane mbiri yei
Ndeipi kubwinya kweiye akawana mufaro mukuru uyu - Uchenjeri-muviri wakasiyana.
Kana tichida kuziva kuti tingawana sei nyasha dzaMwari, dzinova dzechisikigo:-
Nyasha dzaMwari dzinofumurwa sei kubva kumweya kana mweya uchinzwira tsitsi zvisikwa zvipenyu zvakare uye zvakare
Chii chiri kujairika kwenyasha dzaMwari, kunova kuratidzwa kwepanyama
Ko mwari Veda anotii nezvekupa chikafu kuvarombo Vanhu vanogona kugara vega pasina rubatsiro rwevamwe
Tinowana sei nyasha dzaMwari, dzinova kuratidzwa kwepanyama kwaMwari
Nyasha dzaMwari dzinobuda sei mumweya, kana mweya uchinyungudika zvakare
Tinofanira kuziva kuti nyasha, kuratidzwa kwepanyama kwaMwari, kunoratidzwa kwese kwese uye nguva dzese sezvinotevera.
Kugutsikana kunobva pakudya nyama ndiko kufara kwerudzii
kubatsira zvisikwa kunoonekwa sei sekunamata mwari?
Hupenyu hwepamba huri nani pane humongi.
Murombo angagovera sei zvokudya kune ane nzara
Kuranga kwedenga kuripo nekuda kwetsitsi kuzvisikwa zvipenyu. Kana pasina tsitsi, chirango chokudenga hachizovipo. Zvakaita sei
Kuti nyama chii chikafu chakaipa Kuguta kunobva pakudya nyama yakanaka kana yakaipa
Chii chinonzi mufaro mukuru
Ungave sei chimiro chamwari. Ndoupi mwari akaenzana nomunhu, akadyisa vane nzara uye akavapa mufaro
Kuva munhu akachenjera
Nzira yekurapa zvirwere zvisingarapiki
Nzira yekuwana sei mwana ane ruzivo rwakakwana
Kurarama kwenguva yakareba sei
Kana uchida kuziva kuti nyasha idzodzo woiwana sei
Mawaniro enyasha dzaMwari
Kunamata Mwari Kushandisa tsitsi dzakasikwa dziri muvanhu vose
kuratidza tsitsi kuzvisikwa zvipenyu kunonziwo kunamata Mwari.
Ndeipi nguva iyo siddhas, sages, uye ascetics inosuruvara
Nzara ichakunda mambo asingakundiki
Nzara yavo ichavamanikidza here kutengesa vana vavo vavanoda
Nzara ndiyo yakaipisisa yenhamo dzose. Sei
Kutambura nenzara zvakafanana kune vese
Tingaona sei zviso zvakaneta zvevana vedu vane nzara
Ibasa redu kudira mvura pamiti iri mumasango nenzvimbo dziri kure .
Ko zviito zvezvivi mukuzvarwa kwekare zvinosvika sei pakuzvarwa kwazvino
Ari kupa chikafu tsitsi
Ngatibatsirei vanotambura maererano nemutemo waMwari
Iyo nzara chishandiso chekuwana humwari-hurumende
Tingadye here mabukira
Zvinhu zvinobva mumiti zvisina kuchena semvere nezvipikiri
Tinoziva sei kuti pane akazvarwa kare
Kune gehena nedenga here
Mbeu mhenyu kana yakafa
Ndeipi kubwinya kweumwe munhu awana iyi yepamusoro-soro - Ruzivo-muviri haugone kudziviswa chero chinhu.
Ndeipi kubwinya kweumwe munhu awana rufaro rwepamusoro-soro - Ruzivo-muviri hauna chero maitiro.
Ndekupi kubwinya kwekuti ndiani akawana mufaro mukuru uyu - Ruzivo-muviri haufi, saka haugone kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvishanu zvakakosha.
Kunyange vanhu vane ruchiva vanotyirawo nzara yavo uye kutarisira zvokudya.
Rarama nekusingaperi nekupa chikafu
Ngatisateerere chipinganidzo chaMwari
Ngatiurayei mhuka dzine njodzi Sei zvakatanga kunzi, tsitsi ive yakafanana kune zvisikwa zvese zvipenyu
Chii chinonyanya kukosha kuita pamuchato kana imwe nguva inofadza
Nomuzvarirwo, chikafu chakapihwa kumhuka neshiri zvichienderana nekarma yavo. Asi vanhu vanofanira kushanda kuti vawane zvokudya. Sei
Ndeipi chinangwa chinonyanya kukosha chetsitsi . Mweya naMwari zvinogara kupi mukati medu
Mwari vakaraira muVedas (magwaro) sezvizvi.
Mawaniro emhando nhatu idzi dzemafaro nemabhenefiti ehupenyu .
mhinduro kune uyo anotaura zvinotevera matambudziko anouya kuzvisikwa zvipenyu nekuda kwenyota, kutya, nezvimwewo, uye zviitiko zvemitezo yepfungwa, maziso, nezvimwewo, hazvisi zviitiko zvemweya, saka hapana chakanyanya kubatsira mukuva netsitsi kune zvipenyu
Dzivirira temberi dzechokwadi kubva kumatongo, uye uve netsitsi.
Chinangwa chekuzvarwa kwemunhu ndechei?
Dzima moto wenzara yomunhu akachenjera.
Sei vanhu nezvimwe zvipenyu zvichibatwa nenjodzi
sei mumwe munhu asina tsitsi kana zvimwe zvisikwa zvichitambura?
Nokuda kwokushayikwa kwetsitsi nokurangwa, kubereka kwakaipa kunowanda uye tsika dzakaipa dziri kwose kwose. Zvakaita sei
Nzira yekupora kubva mukutambura kwese kuri kuitika muhupenyu hwedu
Irini vatungamiriri vezvitendero vasingateveri chirango cheboka ravo nechitendero
Bvisa kuchema kweane nzara uye uvate.
bvisa chepfu kuburikidza nekudya uye kumutsiridza kubva mukufenda.
Ndeipi mubairo wekudyisa murombo asina tsigiro
ko kodzero yekuratidza tsitsi kune zvipenyu inomuka sei?
Chii chakakodzera kuti mweya unyungudutswe netsitsi
Ndeipi kodzero yekunzwira tsitsi zvisikwa
Ndeipi mhinduro kune vanhu vanoti, "Kutambura kwevanhu chiitiko chezviridzwa zvemukati chete uye nhengo dzakadai sepfungwa, ziso, nezvimwewo, kwete ruzivo rwemweya, saka kubatsira zvisikwa hakusi tsitsi"
Anofanira kukwaziswa navamwari navose
Chengetedza kubva kune hutsinye scorpion sting.
Chengetedza kubva kumutadzi anonzi nzara.
Nzira yekuchengetedza mwenje kubva kumhepo ine chepfu inonzi nzara
Hupenyu hunofanira kuponeswa kubva kunzara neumhondi.
Chengetedza chiremerera munhu anotambura, anozeza kukumbira chikafu, sembeveve.
Chengetedza nhunzi yawira muuchi
Urayai dindiwe rine nzara, muponese varombo vane nzara.
Chengetedza zvimiro zvehuzivi mumuviri une nzara
Tinofanira kudya zvisikwa zviri mugungwa nenyika
Tinofanira kudyisa mhuka dzedu dzinogara semombe, hwai, nezvimwe.
Tishande nekudya here
Sei vamwe vachiti hakuna kuzvarwa kwakare uye hakuna kuzvarwa
Mweya inowana miviri mitsva nehupfumi kuburikidza nekuedza kwavo.
Chii chiri kubwinya kweumwe munhu awana iyi yepamusoro-soro kufadza - Karma Siddhi, Yoga Siddhi, Gnana Siddihi uye masimba epamusoro eruzivo-muviri.
Tingawana sei hupenyu hwepamusoro-soro
Kana nyasha dzaIshe dzaratidzwa, rufaro rwaMwari rwunozoonekwa nekukwaniswa sei
Wana chinangwa chekuzvarwa kwemunhu kwakakwirira.
Tsitsi ndiyo nzira yega yekuwana nyasha dzaMwari
Mhando mbiri dzetsitsi
Vallalar History: Nhoroondo yemurume akakunda rufu.
Todira mvura pamiti yakasimwa nesu here
Vanhu vakapfuma vanofanira kubatsira vanorwara. Sei
Ndeapi marudzi matatu ehupenyu . Ingani mhando dzehupenyu hunofadza hwemweya .
Ndedzipi mhando dzetsitsi Kune mhando mbiri dzetsitsi.
Chii chinonzi chirwere
tsitsi chii?
Chii chinonzi ngozi
Chii chinonzi chido
Kutya chii
Chii chinonzi nzara
Chii chinonzi umhondi
Chii chinonzi urombo
Chii chinonzi chivi
Chii chinonzi mufaro mukuru
Kurongeka kwaMwari chii
Chii chinonzi simba retsitsi
Chinangwa chetsitsi chii
Chii chinonzi kunaka
Chii chinonzi tsitsi dzenyika
Chii chinonzi mafaro enyika
Munhu anoremekedzwa anorasa chiremerera rinhi
Upenyu humwe huchanzwira umwe tsitsi rinhi Kana mweya umwe uchinyunguduka (kuva netsitsi) kune zvimwe zvipenyu
Vanozvikudza vanorasa rinhi rudado
Ego inoenda rinhi kubva kune egoists
Mweya unopinda sei pamuviri Mweya unopinda riini mudumbu
Chii chichaitika kana nzara yarova vanhu
Ko murwi ane mukurumbira achatya rinhi
Vakachenjera, vakaramba zvachose, vachakanganiswa here?
Apo nyanzvi yakachenjera inorasikirwa nokuziva uye inovhiringidzika.
Ndeupi mafaro ari ekupedzisira Ndeipi mamiriro epamusoro ekufadzwa
ndiani anonzi munhu mutsvene?
Ndiani anowana mufaro mukuru
Kuziva Mwari, nezivo, uye kuti ungava sei Mwari pachake Chii chinonzi mweya wakasunungurwa
Sei vamwe vanhu vasinganzwiri tsitsi uye kuomerwa, ivo vachiona kutambura kwezvimwe zvipenyu Sei vasina kodzero dzehama
Sei tichida muviri
Chii chinorehwa nekupedza nzara nekuuraya, maererano netsitsi huru
Vamwe vanhu vane pfungwa dzakaoma uye havana tsitsi pavanoona kutambura kwevamwe vanhu. Sei vanhu ava vasina kodzero yemweya
Sei vanhu vazhinji vakasikwa naMwari vachitambura nenzara, nyota, kutya etc.
Vanhu vose vachaberekwazve sevanhu here . Do Chete vanhu vanofanira kupa chikafu
Ingwe ichadya uswa here . Ko nyama chikafu chakatemerwa dindingwe
Kupukuta misodzi yevarombo kunonzi tsitsi.

Unogamuchirwa kuona webhusaiti yedu mumitauro inotevera.
abkhaz - acehnese - acholi - afar - afrikaans - albanian - alur - amharic - arabic - armenian - assamese - avar - awadhi - aymara - azerbaijani - balinese - baluchi - bambara - baoulé - bashkir - basque - batak-karo - batak-simalungun - batak-toba - belarusian - bemba - bengali - betawi - bhojpuri - bikol - bosnian - breton - bulgarian - burmese - buryat - catalan - cebuano - chamorro - chechen - chichewa - chinese - chinese-simplified - chuukese - chuvash - corsican - crimean-tatar-cyrillic - crimean-tatar-latin - croatian - czech - danish - dari - dinka - divehi - dogri - dombe - dutch - dyula - dzongkha - english - esperanto - estonian - ewe - faroese - fijian - filipino - finnish - fon - french - french-canada - frisian - friulian - fulani - ga - galician - georgian - german - greek - guarani - gujarati - gurmukhi - haitian-creole - hakha-chin - hausa - hawaiian - hebrew - hiligaynon - hindi - hmong - huasteca - hungarian - hunsrik - iban - icelandic - igbo - indonesian - inuktut-latin - inuktut-syllabics - irish - italian - jamaican-patois - japanese - javanese - jingpo - kalaallisut - kannada - kanuri - kapampangan - kazakh - khasi - khmer - kiga - kikongo - kinyarwanda - kituba - kokborok - komi - konkani - korean - krio - kurdish-kurmanji - kurdish-sorani - kyrgyz - lao - latgalian - latin - latvian - ligurian - limburgish - lingala - lithuanian - llocano - lombard - luganda - luo - luxembourgish - macedonian - madurese - maithili - makassar - malagasy - malay - malay-jawi - malayalam - maltese - mam - manx - maori - marathi - marshallese - marwadi - mauritian-creole - meadow-mari - meiteilon-manipuri - minang - mizo - mongolian - ndau - ndebele - nepalbhasa - nepali - nko - norwegian - nuer - occitan - oriya - oromo - ossetian - pangasinan - papiamento - pashto - persian - polish - portuguese-brazil - portuguese-portugal - punjabi-shahmukhi - qeqchi - quechua - romani - romanian - rundi - russian - sami-north - samoan - sango - sanskrit - santali - santali-latin - scots-gaelic - sepedi - serbian - sesotho - seychellois-creole - shan - shona - sicilian - silesian - sindhi - sinhala - slovak - slovenian - somali - spanish - sundanese - susu - swahili - swati - swedish - tahitian - tajik - tamazight - tamil - tatar - telugu - tetum - thai - tibetan - tifinagh - tigrinya - tiv - tok-pisin - tongan - tshiluba - tsonga - tswana - tulu - tumbuka - turkish - turkmen - tuvan - twi - udmurt - ukrainian - urdu - uyghur - uzbek - venda - venetian - vietnamese - waray - welsh - wolof - xhosa - yakut - yiddish - yoruba - yucatec-maya - zapotec - zulu -